Photographic compositions

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for correction of texts for use in photographic composing machines involving identifying the lines of the text in clear form and on perforated tape, placing the corrected lines with identification on perforated tape, and substituting corrected lines for original lines with same identification sign through use of coincidence detector connected to both the original tape reader and the corrected tape reader. When lines are eliminated or added, a sequence counter reestablishes logical sequencing of the lines on the revised text. Identification signs can then be removed and the text, in clear form, used in photographic composing machines.

United ttes PHOTOGRAPIHIIC COMFOSITIONS 7 Claims, 8 Drawing Figs.

US. Cl Int. Cl Field of Search References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,975,439 10/1934 Uher Primary Examiner-John M. Horan Att0rney1(ar1W Flocks ABSTRACT: A method and apparatus for correction of texts for use in photographic composing machines involving identifying the lines of the text in clear form and on perforated tape, placing the corrected lines with identification on perforated tape, and substituting corrected lines for original lines with same identification sign through use of coincidence detector connected to both the original tape reader and the corrected tape reader. When lines are eliminated or added, a sequence counter reestablishes logical sequencing of the lines on the revised text. Identification signs can then be removed and the text, in clear form, used in photographic composing machines.

PATENTED FEB 9197:

SHEET H 0F 4 PI-IOTOGRAPI-IIC COMPOSITIONS The present invention relates to improvements in photographic composition and the automatic correction of texts designed for publishing or printing through the use of high speed photographic composing machines.

At the present time, correction of the composition is carried out, generally and whatever the composing machine, on the basis of a text in clear" in the type written fonn proceeding from a servo writing machine or a so-called rapid printing" machine. The author has not, in order to make his corrections or suggestions, a clear text which is the exact reflection of the definitive text both as regards the types employed and the presentation, justification, body, style of the types, etc.

Now, the present invention precisely proposes to provide the author with a clear proof which is the most faithful possible reflection of the definitive text. However, the invention aims at making use of this clear proof to permit, automatically,

the correction of the recording strip which served for the production of said proof.

The production of this proof is obviously only possible, economically, due to the existence of composing machines working at great speed and in particular because of photographic composing machines as well as due to the improvements in the films and sensitive paper used in these machines.

In accordance with the method of the invention, the composition of the text itself is first made on a recording strip (by example, a perforated strip following a determined code). This codified perforation may be made either by means of a socalled "blind" keyboard, that is to say, a keyboard which does not permit the visual control of the corresponding operation at each key acted upon, or by means of an informed" conventional keyboard, which permits such visual control.

In the case of a correction on a film, the problem consists in identifying each of the lines of the composed text. The methods at present known do not permit such an identification in an automatic manner. They do not permit of the identifying of lines on a proof which is the faithful representation of the text as it will finally appear. Moreover, they cannot guarantee the exact localization of the corrections to be effected. Further, users are often obliged to count the lines, which is a source of errors without excluding those resulting from a fault in the concordance between the witness copy and the codified strip.

Both on the clear text and on the codified strip, the method according to the present invention consists in causing to appear, automatically, at the beginning and the end of the line, signs of identification of the line.

This demand for identification of the line occurs, in accordance with the invention, at the moment when the operator actuates the end of line" key or the return of the carriage.

The identification of the line is carried out in particular by any specially distinctive sign and particularly through numerical identification. This latter identification method has furthermore the advantage, when it is utilized, of permitting the counting of the lines.

The method of the invention may be applied to any photographic composing machine without necessitating any modifications whatsoever in the mechanism of said machine.

Due to the invention, one disposes of a sure means, avoiding any error. Indeed, by the numerical identification of the lines of the initial text being faithfully reproduced on the so-called correction strip, there cannot be any risk of confusion of the lines to be corrected. In addition, the possibility of counting these lines by their order number not only avoids a hazardous setting of the line of the text comprising the corrections but also gives an idea of the importance of the composition. There results great working simplicity not necessitating any initiation of the operator to novel work, his sole requirement being, when he proceeds with the setting up of a so-called correction strip, to reproduce the identification sign existing at the beginning and end of each line. Moreover the operator may ignore that it is a matter of a particular sign, since his role is to reproduce faithfully any sign or type presenting itself at the beginning or end of the text to be corrected.

In accordance with the invention, there is included a means permitting, automatically for each call for the so-called end of line" key of the keyboard, of actuating the recording device so that the latter causes to appear on the recording strip an identification sign and/or on the film if the keyboard is mounted directly on the composing machine.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the identification signs of the lines follow each other in logical order.

Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will be more clearly apparent from the description which follows with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 shows a proof of an initial text with notes by the author;

FIG. 2 shows the corresponding recording strip (perforated strip according to a code);

FIG. 3 shows the proof of the corrected lines;

FIG. 4 shows the recording strip corresponding to FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 shows the strip corresponding to the corrected text;

FIG. 6 being the reflection in clear";

FIG. 7 shows the diagram of the strip mixer system employed for correction; and

FIG. 8 shows the diagram of a system permitting the automatic identification of the lines of a text to be composed.

Referring to these FlGS., FIG. I shows an initial text obtained by photocomposition from a recording strip (FIG. 2) comprising, after each code illustrating the end of line" sign, an identification code, which, in the present case, is a numerical identification code. This code is designated by the references 1 and 2, which correspond to the numerations 01, 02, 03, etc. figuring on the proof shown in FIG. 1. On this proof, the author makes the desired corrections as shown. At the reading of this marked proof, the operator reproduces, on a fresh recording strip, the lines comprising the corrections taking care to reproduce these lines integrally, that is to say, with their identification signs. He thus obtains a strip such as shown in FIG. 4 which, if it were reproduced directly, would give a proof such as shown in FIG. 3. The author can thus ascertain how these corrections will affect the aspect of the line or its appearance.

From the initial recording strip and the so-called correction recording strip, it is then possible to produce a definite or intermediate text by causing the two strips to progress simultaneously in a device such as the one which will be described hereafter which, when it signals a coincidence" will reproduce the elements provided by the so-called correction strip until such coincidence" ceases, to return to the initial recording strip and so on.

Such a device has conventional components. It will suffice, with reference to the diagrammatic FIG. 7, to indicate the main organs or components with which it is composed as well as the manner in which they work together.

This device comprises a first reader 3 so-called original reader, a second reader 4 so-called correction strip reader, a coincidence detector 5, a perforator or recorder 6 providing, through the elements given by the readers 3 and 4, the socalled corrected strip and finally a meter 7, the role of which will be indicated hereafter.

The above device operates in the following manner:

The initial recording strip advances in front of the reader 3. In the course of this advance, this reader 3 transmits tothe recording device 6 the information read. Recording device 6 produces a codified strip which may be perforated as in the example illustrated. The correction strip is in waiting position under the reader 4. When the identification sign figuring on the correction strip is the same as the one figuring on the initial strip, the coincidence detector 5 acts so as to stop the reading of the device 3 to start that of the device 4. The correction strip advances in front of the reading device 4 while the initial strip adopts a waiting position. The device 6 continues to play its role due to the elements provided by the reader 4. These elements, as moreover those provided by the reader 3, are at the same time taken over by the meter 7 which reestablishes automatically the logical sequence of the identifications. One, in fact, understands the necessity of the presence of such a counting device 7 to reestablish this logical sequence in the event of, the author eliminating or adding lines to the initial text which has been presented before him and so thatthese lines be correctly identified relative to the lines for this purpose or the pure and simple repetition of the .identification code of the line immediately preceding theline to be added..For the line to be eliminated, the strip generally comprises a particular code for this purpose.

The system permitting the automatic identification of .the lines of a text to be composed is the one shown in FIG. 8. It is constituted by a step by step electromechanical selector 8-9 or an electronic device withbistable stages furnishing its information to one or several corresponding codification devices l1l. This selector device is connected through 12 to a code distributor 13 which influences successively and in order, the device 14 correspondingto the end of line code, the devices 15 and 16 corresponding to the code of tenths and units and the device 17 corresponding to the fixed space code. It may also influence, if necessary, the devices 21 and 22 corresponding to the codes of the capital and sniall functions. Finally, the distributor 13 influences the line 18 proceeding to the perforator .or any other recording device. The selecting device 8-9 comprises the unit stages I, II, III X connected to-the device for the codification of the units and the stages of the tenths I, II, III X which begin tovbe demanded when the last stage of the units has been reached. These tenths stages are connected to the device for the codification of the tenths 11. h I

One will therefore understand that each time that the end of line key is activated, there is produced a signal which passes through the code distributor 13 which will first of all translate this signal into an end of line code 14. Through the line 12, this signal will be transmitted to one of the unoccupied stages of the selector 8-9, which is interpreted, through the agency of the devices 1 0--1l, by the dispatch of a code of tenths and units 16. If no stage of the tenths is yet influenced (beginning of an operation), the first code of tenths is interpreted generally by the number zero (0). This explains that in FIGS. 1 to 6 each of the ten lines is given a numerical identification sign beginning by zero. The code distributor 13 finally sends a'signal for codification, through 17, of a socalled fixed space Spa e for example, one or several em quadrants, which is shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 by a blank space, the presence and signification of which will be explained hereafter. I

If need by, the apparatus schematized and shown in FIG. 8 may be completed by luminous indicators 19 and 20 respectively connected to the devices 10-11 and which, at each activation of said devices, notes the corresponding result in front of the eyes of the operators; that is to say, it clearly gives him the identification number of the line which is about to start. It is obvious that one 'may use as many stage columns as one desires depending upon the identification signs. That is to say, that the identification may comprise several decimal rows and go up to 99, 99.9, 9999, etc.

The reason why afixed free space has been provided is the following:

When the author has given his agreement to the text presented,the final proofwhichwill serve'for the makingof the plates will be passed under a suitable apparatuscutting along line A-B of FlG.,6 ofthe proofin.question,-so;as t0 remove all theidentification signswhich have no. more reason to exist, sincethere are nolonger any correctionsto be effected, and the said identification in the corrections.

The system shown in,F IG.-,8 is a-known system of=impulse counting connected for useinthe manner.describedwithrthe apparatus of the presen t invention. lt is hereof interest-for the automatic working which 1t,permits for the ldeiltlfiCallOfl of the lines of a text which maybe submitted to correction.

It is obvious thatthe presentinvention has'been described only in an explanatory but by no means limitative manner, and

that any useful vmodificationsmay bemade therein without deform having identification signals corresponding to each line of the text in printed clear form;

reading with a second reader the corrected lines of said text in codified form with said identification signals .corresponding to that line of original text; and

detecting and reprodncing ,a revision of said text in at least clear form by replacing with corrected lines in codified form the lines having the same identification signal on said original codified strip form. 2. The method of claim 1 further characterized by said inserting of an identification signal takes place with the actuating of an end of line signal. I

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said identification signal is a numerical sign. I

4. The method of claim 1 further characterized by: said identification signal at each line of said clear text being a numerical sign; and

the additional step of removing said numerical signs from the last produced revised text in preparation for photographic composing and reproduction of said revised clear text.

.5. The method of claim 1 further characterized by. the step of determining coincidence of identical identification signals on both codified forms in order to substitute the codified form of corrected lines for the same lines of original codified text.

6. The method of claim 5 further characterized by stopping the reading of the original text in codified strip form upon detecting coincidence of identical identification signals in the codified form of the corrected lines of the text to recordthe reading of said corrected line of text in codified form.

7. The method of claim 6 further characterized by reestablishing logical sequenceof the identification signals during said recording while both eliminating and adding lines of text.

signs are-.there onlyv to assist 

2. The method of claim 1 further characterized by said inserting of an identification signal takes place with the actuating of an end of line signal.
 3. The method of claim 1 wherein said identification signal is a numerical sign.
 4. The method of claim 1 further characterized by: said identification signal at each line of said clear text being a numerical sign; and the additional step of removing said numerical signs from the last produced revised text in preparation for photographic composing and reproduction of said revisEd clear text.
 5. The method of claim 1 further characterized by the step of determining coincidence of identical identification signals on both codified forms in order to substitute the codified form of corrected lines for the same lines of original codified text.
 6. The method of claim 5 further characterized by stopping the reading of the original text in codified strip form upon detecting coincidence of identical identification signals in the codified form of the corrected lines of the text to record the reading of said corrected line of text in codified form.
 7. The method of claim 6, further characterized by reestablishing logical sequence of the identification signals during said recording while both eliminating and adding lines of text. 